High School Block:

Canadian History 121/2/3

Canadian History 121/2/3 focuses on social history, with emphasis on civics and citizenship. This includes constitutional history, women’s and labour histories, Indigenous histories, multiculturalism, and Canada’s changing role on the global stage. The course addresses questions about who gets to be Canadian and why, changing visions of Canada to be more inclusive of diverse peoples and perspectives, and continued inquiry into what we can learn from Canada’s past to inform more just and equitable futures for all.

CONTEXTS AND CONCEPTS

Settlement in Canada

  • Wabanaki pre-contact culture and beliefs.
  • European imperialism
  • Acadian life and culture
  • Black Loyalists and arrivants
  • Contact with settlers and arrivants
  • The impact of Confederation on Canadian government systems
  • The Confederation Conferences
  • Canadian Western expansion
  • Federal policies regarding First Nations
  • Reservation system
Canada as an industrialized nation

  • The National Policy
  • The Canada First Movement
  • Canada in WW1
  • Economic contributions of women
  • Impacts of technological developments in urban and rural areas.
  • Mass production and merchandising
  • Growing corporate power
  • The impetus for and impact of trade unionism in Canada.
  • Working class labour activism
  • Industrialization and the desire to create a working class in Canada.
  • Segregation of the school system
  • Religion and education
  • Child labour practices and labour laws
Citizenship at the turn of the 20th century

  • “The Last Best West”
  • Conceptions of citizenship in Canada
  • Western Confederation
  • First Nations in British Columbia as sovereign nations.
  • Policies to limit immigration and diversity
  • Eugenics in Canada
  • Segregation and restrictions to voting rights
  • LGBTQ2IS+ visibility and rights in Canada
  • Language rights in Canada
  • Indigenous experiences of colonialism in Canada
Canadian identities, national unity, and multiculturalism

  • Societal changes in the 20th century
  • Growing racism and anti-Semitism in Canada
  • Economic conditions
  • Canada in WW2
  • The Veterans Charter
  • Humanitarian Canada and peacekeeping
  • Post war modernization and prosperity
  • Immigration policies over time
  • Official Bilingualism
  • The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 1982
  • 2LGBTQIS+ rights in Canada
  • Canadian Multiculturalism Act of 1985
  • Quebec Sovereignty Movement
  • Revival of Indigenous cultures and identities
  • Canada’s growth on the international stage
  • Canada’s role in global extraction industries
  • Canadian-American relations
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GRADE

Strand: History

Big Idea: Settlement in Canada

Skill Descriptor: Research Wabanaki independence and contact with Europeans.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC, SASM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine Wabanaki daily life prior to contact.
  • Discuss Wabanaki worldviews and traditions that exist today.
  • Analyze the Peace and Friendship Treaties in relation to current rights of Wabanaki Peoples.
  • Analyse the impacts of European conflicts on the peoples of North America.
  • Illustrate own relationship with the Canadian state, historically and in the present.

Skill Descriptor: Investigate the relationship between federal, provincial, and Indigenous governments.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC

Achievement Indicators:

  • Describe government and private interests in Indigenous territories in Canada.
  • Examine the economic and social causes and consequences of the fur trade.
  • Analyze the Indian Act as a tool of assimilation.
  • Explain the division of provincial and federal responsibilities.
  • Examine the forces pushing for Confederation.

Skill Descriptor: Examine the impact of Canadian Western expansion policies on Canadians and Indigenous Peoples.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine how federal government policies related to establishing dominion over an expanding Canada.
  • Examine the significance of the Canadian railroad system in unifying the provinces and defending Canadian sovereignty.
  • Analyze influences on the Immigration Act of 1869.
  • Discuss the Red River and North-West Resistances, including their impact on First Nations and Francophone affairs with the Federal government.
  • Explain the implementation of the Indian Act and the creation of reservations and the Residential School System.

Big Idea: Canada as an industrialized nation

Skill Descriptor: Analyze the social and economic nature of industrialized Canada.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Assess the effectiveness of the National Policy in supporting nation-building.
  • Discuss the impacts of World War I on Canadian identities.
  • Examine the impact of war time stresses on Canadian society, including influence on women and the Suffrage movement.
  • Explain the effect of the Conscription Crisis with regards to the Quebec and Federal government relationship.
  • Discuss the emergence of Canada’s international identity and relationship with the rest of the world.

Skill Descriptor: Assess the impact of technological developments in urban and rural areas

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Discuss the impacts of industrialization on daily life in urban and rural Canada.
  • Analyze the economic impact of technology on agriculture in Canada.
  • Research the rise of labour movements and unions for the protection and improvement of workers’ rights.
  • Examine how the labour movement was impacted by racialized workers.
  • Illustrate the influence of increased immigration in Canada on the rise of unionism.

Skill Descriptor: Examine experiences of children, childhood, and schooling in industrialized Canada.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine the structure of schools at the end of 19th century in the context of the need for factory workers.
  • Discuss how the need for factory labour influenced the establishment of Residential Schools.
  • Examine the political and economic factors that influenced government regulations for schools.
  • Analyze the impact of child labour on the Canadian economy.
  • Discuss why child labour laws were established but did not extend to Indigenous children and new Canadians.

Big Idea: Citizenship at the turn of the 20th century

Skill Descriptor: Research the causes and consequences of immigration at the turn of the 20th century in Canada.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC

Achievement Indicators:

  • Analyze the Canadian government policy of mass immigration and its initiative to populate the western provinces.
  • Examine experiences of early settlers in the west.
  • Discuss the impact these settlements had on First Nation peoples, their traditional lands and way of life.
  • Examine Wabanaki experiences under the Peace and Friendship Treaties and those of western First Nations under numbered treaties.
  • Examine how British Columbia’s joining Confederation in 1871 and the lack of recognition of Indigenous sovereignty influences current relations.

Skill Descriptor: Examine discriminatory practices and policies in Canada.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC, SASM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine how federal policies targeted Chinese railroad workers after the completion of the CPR.
  • Discuss how federal and provincial policies were influenced by immigration trends.
  • Assess how the dominant culture in Canada influenced immigration laws.
  • Examine the treatment of LGBTQ2IS+ government employees.
  • Discuss language rights in Canada.

Skill Descriptor: Consider the impact of federal policies and societal attitudes on Indigenous peoples.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC, SASM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine the impact of colonization on Indigenous identities.
  • Analyze the purpose behind the language and content of the Indian Act.
  • Discuss the consequences of Indigenous Peoples being considered wards of the Crown from 1867 to 1956.
  • Examine the effects of documented histories that exclude Indigenous voices.
  • Consider the terminology of genocide when discussing the government decision-making and the experiences of Indigenous Peoples in Canada.

Big Idea: Canadian identities, national unity, and multiculturalism

Skill Descriptor: Research the inter-war years and Canada’s response to totalitarian regimes.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Analyze the causes and consequences of The Great Depression in Canada.
  • Assess the social programs implemented by the Federal government to improve the lives of Canadians.
  • Examine Canadian responses to the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe.
  • Discuss the impacts of World War II on Canada and Canadian identities.
  • Analyze the impact of two world wars on the British colony of Newfoundland and how it led to them joining Confederation in 1949.

Skill Descriptor: Examine social and political developments in post-war Canada.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC, SASM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Examine the impact of wars on Canada’s international reputation as a peace keeping nation.
  • Reflect and report on the post war economic boom and the effects it had on Canadians.
  • Explain the changes in federal immigration policy that allowed Canada to be more inclusive in a global context.
  • Examine cultural sovereignty and 21st century multiculturalism in Canada.
  • Research the Kanehsatake Resistance, Idle No More movement, and Truth and Reconciliation in Canada.

Skill Descriptor: Analyze the impacts of globalization on Canada and its peoples.

Global Competencies: CTPS, CM, SGC, SASM

Achievement Indicators:

  • Discuss the Age of Healing and Revival in the Wabanaki model of history.
  • Examine Canada’s role in international affairs and global conflicts in the post-war years.
  • Discuss the peacekeeping role of Canada and the development of its international reputation.
  • Discuss Canada’s political reaction to the recommendations set forth in UNDRIP.
  • Examine Canada’s responsibilities as a G7 country in addressing climate change domestically and internationally.
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